{"id":3544,"date":"2022-06-04T16:53:44","date_gmt":"2022-06-04T16:53:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.waldorf-pb.cz\/?page_id=3544"},"modified":"2022-06-04T16:58:05","modified_gmt":"2022-06-04T16:58:05","slug":"godi-keller-soutezivost-je-skodliva-a-skolni-znamky-neucinne","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/waldorf.pb.cz\/?page_id=3544","title":{"rendered":"Godi Keller – Sout\u011b\u017eivost je \u0161kodliv\u00e1 a \u0161koln\u00ed zn\u00e1mky ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

V Norsku pracuje s d\u011btmi, kter\u00e9 vypadly ze \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, nebo\u0165 nebyly schopn\u00e9 usp\u011bt v sout\u011b\u017eiv\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. \u201eSout\u011b\u017eivost je opakem tvo\u0159ivosti. \u0160kola budoucnosti mus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1, mus\u00ed to b\u00fdt m\u00edsto podporuj\u00edc\u00ed kreativitu,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 v rozhovoru pro iDNES.cz norsk\u00fd speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pedagog Godi Keller, kter\u00fd v \u010cesku o pr\u00e1zdnin\u00e1ch p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161el u\u010ditel\u016fm lesn\u00edch mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kolek.
\"Norsk\u00fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Norsk\u00fd speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pedagog Godi Keller.\u00a0| foto:\u00a0godikeller.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e9ma inkluzivn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed se speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi pot\u0159ebami v b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch je u n\u00e1s v sou\u010dasnosti bou\u0159liv\u011b diskutovan\u00e9. Je stejn\u011b o\u017eehav\u00e9 i ve sv\u011bt\u011b?
<\/strong>Zaprv\u00e9, ozna\u010den\u00ed \u201ed\u011bti se speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi pot\u0159ebami\u201c je vcelku problematick\u00e9. Co to vlastn\u011b je? V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b roste po\u010det d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed diagnostikovanou n\u011bjakou \u201especi\u00e1ln\u00ed pot\u0159ebu\u201c. Roste tak\u00e9 po\u010det rozli\u010dn\u00fdch diagn\u00f3z. M\u00e1me tady neklidn\u00e9 divok\u00e9 d\u011bti s ADHD, nebo naopak osam\u011bl\u00e9, uzav\u0159en\u00e9 d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 jsou ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny jako autistick\u00e9. Je ale hodn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u0159\u00edct, co je to ona speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pot\u0159eba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Domn\u00edv\u00e1m se, \u017ee mnoho probl\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 dne\u0161n\u00ed d\u011bti postihuj\u00ed, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd je \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l u\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Probl\u00e9mem jsou standardy, kter\u00e9 na d\u011bti vztahujeme. Neplat\u00ed jen v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice, jsou v podstat\u011b mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed. \u0158\u00edkaj\u00ed, co se m\u00e1 d\u00edt\u011b nau\u010dit, jak se m\u00e1 chovat, co m\u00e1 v dan\u00e9m v\u011bku zvl\u00e1dnout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro\u010d jsou ale podle v\u00e1s \u0161patn\u00e9?
<\/strong>Ze t\u0159\u00ed d\u016fvod\u016f. Za prv\u00e9 si polo\u017eme ot\u00e1zku, co je to vzd\u011blan\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b. M\u00e1me d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 v \u017eivot\u011b sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed k praktick\u00e9mu \u010di manu\u00e1ln\u00edmu povol\u00e1n\u00ed. V minulosti \u0161kola vyhovovala i jim. Celkem brzy z n\u00ed odch\u00e1zely a d\u00e1l se vzd\u011bl\u00e1valy v ur\u010dit\u00e9m \u0159emeslu. Dnes je ale \u0161kola postavena velmi intelektu\u00e1ln\u011b a teoreticky, p\u0159itom do n\u00ed chod\u00ed i takov\u00e9 d\u011bti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed problematick\u00e1 v\u011bc je definice rozvoje d\u00edt\u011bte, nebo jinak \u0159e\u010deno \u201espr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho pokroku\u201c. Pro\u010d bychom m\u011bli ur\u010dovat, v jak\u00e9m konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm bodu v\u00fdvoje m\u00e1 b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad dvan\u00e1ctilet\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b? T\u0159et\u00ed probl\u00e9m vid\u00edm ve snaze standardizovat pojem v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed. To p\u0159ece nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 – nap\u0159\u00edklad nem\u016f\u017eeme m\u00edt jednotn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed pro \u010desk\u00e9 a korejsk\u00e9 d\u011bti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vra\u0165me se k inkluzivn\u00edmu vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. M\u016f\u017eete vysv\u011btlit, jak na n\u011bj pohl\u00ed\u017e\u00edte?
<\/strong>Osobn\u011b nejsem v\u016fbec p\u0159\u00edznivec syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 z b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch \u0161kol vylu\u010duj\u00ed d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 se v n\u011bkter\u00e9 oblasti vymykaj\u00ed a nedosta\u010duj\u00ed, ale t\u0159eba naopak i p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00ed pevn\u011b dan\u00e9 n\u00e1roky a standardy. Ve Skandin\u00e1vii, kde \u017eiji, jsme p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee v podstat\u011b v\u0161echny d\u011bti pat\u0159\u00ed do \u201enorm\u00e1ln\u00ed\u201c \u0161koly. Inkluze je b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Jedin\u011b ve spole\u010dn\u00e9m vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed lze zabr\u00e1nit tomu, aby \u010d\u00e1st d\u011bt\u00ed neztr\u00e1cela sebev\u011bdom\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je jednou z d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch \u017eivotn\u00edch kompetenc\u00ed. Ztr\u00e1ta sebev\u011bdom\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje zpravidla \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f, d\u00edt\u011b se pak \u010dasto st\u00e1v\u00e1 \u201eprobl\u00e9mov\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1kem\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proto se domn\u00edv\u00e1m, \u017ee hodn\u011b probl\u00e9m\u016f vznik\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b ve \u0161kole, nejsou v d\u011btech samotn\u00fdch. M\u00edsto toho, aby \u0161kola v\u0161echny d\u011bti p\u0159ijala, n\u011bkter\u00e9 vylu\u010duje a ty se pak st\u00e1vaj\u00ed outsidery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Norsk\u00fd
Godi Keller
<\/a>Norsk\u00fd waldorfsk\u00fd u\u010ditel s t\u0159icetiletou prax\u00ed a docent na universit\u011b Rudolfa Steinera v Oslu. Vede pedagogick\u00e9 kurzy po cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b i mimo ni. Byl u zrodu evropsk\u00e9 asociace rodi\u010d\u016f waldorfsk\u00fdch \u0161kol. Soust\u0159ed\u00ed se na podporu zdrav\u00e9ho rodi\u010dovstv\u00ed a je zv\u00e1n k p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161k\u00e1m do nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f \u0161kol. V sou\u010dasnosti se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdchovou v dob\u011b dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, t\u011b\u017ece vzd\u011blavateln\u00fdmi d\u011btmi a ot\u00e1zkou autority a rol\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016f ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch.Rozhovor pro iDNES.cz vznikl v \u010dervenci na Letn\u00ed \u0161kole pro pedagogy lesn\u00edch mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol, kterou po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 Asociace lesn\u00edch M\u0160<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Jak konkr\u00e9tn\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed k tomu, \u017ee se d\u00edt\u011b stane probl\u00e9mov\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1kem?
<\/strong>V Evrop\u011b je kolem p\u011btadvaceti procent mladistv\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed vypadli ze syst\u00e9mu, a j\u00e1 si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee to hodn\u011b souvis\u00ed s t\u00edm, \u017ee \u0161koly jsou p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deny o pozitivn\u00edm vlivu sout\u011b\u017eivosti na \u017e\u00e1ky. S t\u00edm m\u00e1m dlouhodob\u011b probl\u00e9m. Sout\u011b\u017eivost pat\u0159\u00ed k mnoha oblastem na\u0161eho \u017eivota a n\u011bkde je v po\u0159\u00e1dku. Jinde – ve \u0161kole – je ale naopak naprosto kontraproduktivn\u00ed a \u0161kodliv\u00e1. Sout\u011b\u017eivost je opakem tvo\u0159ivosti, proto\u017ee abyste m\u011bl sout\u011b\u017e, mus\u00edte m\u00edt i pravidla. A ta omezuj\u00ed, ned\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bti prostor d\u011blat v\u011bci jinak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160kola budoucnosti mus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1. Mus\u00ed to b\u00fdt m\u00edsto podporuj\u00edc\u00ed kreativitu. Je nutn\u00e9 u \u017e\u00e1k\u016f oce\u0148ovat spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi, ale tak\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky! M\u00edsto toho po nich bohu\u017eel \u010dasto vy\u017eadujeme pouze konven\u010dn\u00ed odpov\u011bdi. Na tom jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad zalo\u017een\u00e9 i testy PISA, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nich\u017e se \u0161koly navz\u00e1jem porovn\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro\u010d je podle v\u00e1s syst\u00e9m test\u016f PISA pro \u0161koly \u0161kodliv\u00fd?
<\/strong>Je op\u011bt cel\u00fd zalo\u017een\u00fd na sout\u011b\u017eivosti. Kdy\u017e se va\u0161e zem\u011b um\u00edst\u00ed na des\u00e1t\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku PISA, o \u010dem to vypov\u00edd\u00e1? Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee m\u00e1te \u0161patn\u00e9 \u0161koly? Nikoli, neznamen\u00e1 to nic. Vypov\u00edd\u00e1 to jen o tom, jak si stoj\u00edte v n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo parametrech, kter\u00e9 jsme schopni m\u011b\u0159it. Ale celou \u0159adu velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se d\u00edt\u011b m\u00e1 ve \u0161kole nau\u010dit, v\u016fbec nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159it! Nap\u0159\u00edklad to, \u017ee z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 vnit\u0159n\u00ed motivaci, do \u0161koly r\u00e1no chod\u00ed r\u00e1do a u\u010diteli se da\u0159\u00ed zas\u00e9vat sem\u00ednka touhy po pozn\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vykl\u00ed\u010d\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 i za deset let, co\u017e je dlouh\u00e1 perspektiva. Ale cel\u00fd ten syst\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, na n\u011bm\u017e jsou zalo\u017eeny testy PISA, je podle m\u011b neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b hloup\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho \u0161kolstv\u00ed je zn\u00e1mkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Co si mysl\u00edte o n\u011bm?
<\/strong>V\u00edte, ptal jsem se mnoha u\u010ditel\u016f po sv\u011bt\u011b na situaci, kdy d\u00e1vaj\u00ed opakovan\u011b \u017e\u00e1kovi \u0161patnou zn\u00e1mku. Zaj\u00edmalo m\u011b, jestli v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b potom jde dom\u016f a p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed, jak pracovat l\u00e9pe. V\u0161ichni se sm\u011bj\u00ed, kdy\u017e se jich na to zept\u00e1m, proto\u017ee n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho se opravdu d\u011bje jen z\u0159\u00eddka. V\u011bt\u0161ina d\u011bt\u00ed si \u0161patnou zn\u00e1mku vylo\u017e\u00ed jako potvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bco nedok\u00e1\u017eou, a jenom t\u00edm kles\u00e1 jejich sebev\u011bdom\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zn\u00e1mkov\u00e1n\u00ed je \u010d\u00e1st syst\u00e9mu, kterou bychom m\u011bli zm\u011bnit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pracujete s ml\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e1 u\u017e probl\u00e9my m\u00e1. V \u010dem va\u0161e pr\u00e1ce <\/strong>spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1<\/strong>?
<\/strong>Ano, v Norsku pracuji s d\u011btmi, kter\u00e9 u\u017e ze syst\u00e9mu vypadly. Je na n\u00e1s v\u0161ech, zda se o tyto mlad\u00e9 lidi postar\u00e1me, nebo zda budeme m\u00edt dvacet, t\u0159icet procent nezam\u011bstnan\u00fdch nebo drogov\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00fdch mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prvn\u00ed v\u011bc, kterou s probl\u00e9mov\u00fdm dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dlov\u011bkem mus\u00edme ud\u011blat, je zajistit mu s kolegy n\u011bjakou aktivitu – pr\u00e1ci. Ano, tyto d\u011bti skute\u010dn\u011b pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed pracovat, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed m\u00edt pocit, \u017ee jsou u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9. Ned\u00edv\u00e1me se p\u0159itom na jejich minulost a jsme na n\u011b pom\u011brn\u011b tvrd\u00ed, proto\u017ee si mus\u00edme b\u00fdt jist\u00ed, \u017ee oni sami cht\u011bj\u00ed n\u011bco ve sv\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b zm\u011bnit. Pokud zm\u011bnu necht\u011bj\u00ed sami, kdy\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad cht\u011bj\u00ed d\u00e1l u\u017e\u00edvat drogy, nebo cht\u011bj\u00ed sed\u011bt doma a hr\u00e1t po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 hry, mohou to d\u011blat bez n\u00e1s. Pokud nemaj\u00ed aspo\u0148 \u0161petku vlastn\u00ed v\u016fle ke zm\u011bn\u011b, nic s t\u00edm nezm\u016f\u017eeme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b nedostatek v\u016fle ke zm\u011bn\u011b jim ale z\u0159ejm\u011b chyb\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji. Jak to \u0159e\u0161\u00edte?
<\/strong>Ve \u0161kole, kde ten probl\u00e9m \u010dasto za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1, to m\u016f\u017eete zachytit t\u0159eba ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9 nebo p\u00e1t\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, kdy to n\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u011bti prost\u011b vzdaj\u00ed. P\u0159\u00e1l bych si, abychom v t\u00e9 chv\u00edli byli mnohem flexibiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a otev\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. M\u00edsto toho v\u011bt\u0161inou pokra\u010dujeme d\u00e1l v zab\u011bhl\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu a \u201eprobl\u00e9mov\u00e9\u201c d\u00edt\u011b z n\u011bj prost\u011b nech\u00e1me vypadnout. P\u0159itom nap\u0159\u00edklad v Norsku st\u00e1t vynakl\u00e1d\u00e1 na p\u00e9\u010di o probl\u00e9mov\u00e9 d\u011bti tak vysok\u00e9 prost\u0159edky, \u017ee by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 za n\u011b zaplatit osobn\u00edho u\u010ditele pro ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b na cel\u00fdch t\u0159in\u00e1ct let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nechci t\u00edm \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee by bylo lep\u0161\u00ed, aby ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b dostalo sv\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edho u\u010ditele, jen si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee mo\u017enosti tu jsou. A cokoli m\u016f\u017eeme ud\u011blat v ran\u00e9 f\u00e1zi v\u00fdvoje d\u00edt\u011bte, u\u0161et\u0159\u00ed spole\u010dnosti ohromn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky pozd\u011bji a m\u016f\u017ee to zabr\u00e1nit mnoha osobn\u00edm trag\u00e9di\u00edm. Politick\u00fdm z\u00e1jmem by m\u011blo b\u00fdt p\u0159edch\u00e1zet tomu, aby mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9, zejm\u00e9na chlapci, opou\u0161t\u011bli \u0161kolu. A je spousta v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 proti tomu m\u016f\u017eeme d\u011blat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kter\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad?
<\/strong>Jak jsem \u0159\u00edkal, z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je flexibilita a individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup pedagog\u016f ke ka\u017ed\u00e9mu d\u00edt\u011bti. Kdy\u017e vid\u00edm ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b d\u011bv\u010de, kter\u00e9 se nedok\u00e1\u017ee poprat s matematikou, mus\u00edm hledat n\u011bjakou jej\u00ed silnou str\u00e1nku – t\u0159eba se tou\u017e\u00ed st\u00e1t kade\u0159nic\u00ed. A jako u\u010ditel bych m\u011bl zkou\u0161et naj\u00edt zp\u016fsob, jak j\u00ed pomoci dos\u00e1hnout tohoto c\u00edle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pracoval jsem nap\u0159\u00edklad v jedn\u00e9 \u0161kole v Norsku, kde se nezn\u00e1mkovalo. V dev\u00e1t\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, kdy\u017e d\u011bti m\u011bly odej\u00edt na gymn\u00e1zium, nebo do profesn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i\u0161la za n\u00e1mi do \u0161koly \u00fa\u0159ednice a sed\u011bli jsme spolu nad ka\u017ed\u00fdm d\u00edt\u011btem dv\u011b hodiny, mo\u017en\u00e1 d\u00e9le. Debatovali jsme o ka\u017ed\u00e9m jednotliv\u00e9m \u017e\u00e1kovi – o tom, jak konkr\u00e9tn\u011b mu m\u016f\u017eeme pomoci a podpo\u0159it ho. A \u010dasto to byla pr\u00e1v\u011b \u00fa\u0159ednice, kdo se d\u011bt\u00ed zast\u00e1val.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hovo\u0159ili jsme t\u0159eba o chlapci, kter\u00fd skute\u010dn\u011b nebyl dobr\u00fd v teoretick\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011btech, a ona se rozhodla ho v tu chv\u00edli podpo\u0159it, aby m\u011bl \u0161anci dostat ur\u010dit\u00e9 profesn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. Necht\u011bla, aby to vzdal. M\u016f\u017eeme samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee to je hloup\u00e9 nadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u017ee mus\u00edme db\u00e1t na spravedlnost, ale tak\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 myslet na hrozby, kter\u00e9 jsem u\u017e zm\u00ednil – drogy, kriminalitu, sebevra\u017edy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vid\u00edte n\u011bjak\u00e9 syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed?
<\/strong>Pot\u0159ebujeme \u00fapln\u011b nov\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed. Nejsem velk\u00fd optimista ohledn\u011b v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 k n\u00e1m p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed ze \u0160trasburku, Bruselu nebo OECD. Zm\u011bna mus\u00ed vzej\u00edt z m\u00edstn\u00edch nebo n\u00e1rodn\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed. Snad n\u011bjak\u00fd moudr\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk ve vl\u00e1d\u011b \u0159ekne: \u201eMus\u00edme j\u00edt jinudy.\u201c A to v kter\u00e9koli zemi vy\u017eaduje politickou odvahu. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch st\u00e1tech u\u017e je vid\u011bt, t\u0159eba v Estonsku, \u017ee o v\u011bcech p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed mnohem kreativn\u011bji a sna\u017e\u00ed se naj\u00edt \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pedagogika je v ur\u010dit\u00e9m slova smyslu um\u011bn\u00edm motivace. Jak se stav\u00edte k trest\u016fm ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch?<\/strong>
Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka je, co pom\u00e1h\u00e1 a co nikoli. Tresty do \u0161koly ur\u010dit\u011b nepat\u0159\u00ed. \u010clov\u011bk se u\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1sledky sv\u00fdch \u010din\u016f, ne tresty. Cokoli \u017e\u00e1k ud\u011bl\u00e1 nebo neud\u011bl\u00e1, se n\u011bjak d\u00e1l projev\u00ed. D\u011bti se tedy musej\u00ed nau\u010dit \u017e\u00edt s v\u011bdom\u00edm souvislost\u00ed, p\u0159\u00ed\u010din a n\u00e1sledk\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad mladistv\u00ed v na\u0161em projektu v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee pokud nep\u0159ijdou, nebudeme jim um\u011bt pomoci. My je netrest\u00e1me, kdy\u017e \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me, \u017ee mus\u00ed dorazit ka\u017ed\u00fd den v dev\u011bt hodin r\u00e1no, proto\u017ee v tu dobu za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1me jen: \u201eKdy\u017e nep\u0159ijde\u0161, nebude\u0161 s n\u00e1mi. To je tvoje svobodn\u00e1 volba a bude m\u00edt sv\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky.\u201c

Autor: Lubo\u0161 Vedral<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroj: https:\/\/www.idnes.cz\/zpravy\/domaci\/rozhovor-godi-keller-skola-je-posedla-testovanim.A160817_151320_domaci_lve<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V Norsku pracuje s d\u011btmi, kter\u00e9 vypadly ze \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, nebo\u0165 nebyly schopn\u00e9 usp\u011bt v sout\u011b\u017eiv\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. \u201eSout\u011b\u017eivost je opakem tvo\u0159ivosti. \u0160kola budoucnosti mus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1, mus\u00ed to b\u00fdt m\u00edsto podporuj\u00edc\u00ed kreativitu,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 v rozhovoru pro iDNES.cz norsk\u00fd speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pedagog Godi Keller, kter\u00fd v \u010cesku o pr\u00e1zdnin\u00e1ch p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161el u\u010ditel\u016fm lesn\u00edch mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kolek. Norsk\u00fd speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pedagog Godi Keller.\u00a0| foto:\u00a0godikeller.com T\u00e9ma … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3544","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/waldorf.pb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/waldorf.pb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/waldorf.pb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/waldorf.pb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/waldorf.pb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3544"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/waldorf.pb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3550,"href":"https:\/\/waldorf.pb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3544\/revisions\/3550"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/waldorf.pb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}